الْجَبَنَةُ السُّودَانِيَّةُ

هَذِهِ قَهْوَةٌ مِنَ السُّودَانِ. اسْمُهَا فِي السُّودَانِ الْجَبَنَةُ. يَشْرَبُهَا النَّاسُ فِي الْبُيُوتِ وَفِي الْمَقَاهِي. وَلَهَا مَكَانٌ خَاصٌّ فِي شَرْقِ السُّودَانِ. فِي الْبَيْتِ تُحَضِّرُ الْأُمُّ الْجَبَنَةَ. أَوْ تُحَضِّرُهَا الْبِنْتُ الصَّغِيرَةُ. يَشْرَبُونَهَا بَعْدَ الظُّهْرِ أَوْ فِي الْمَسَاءِ. وَأَحْيَانًا يَأْتِي الْجِيرَانُ. أَوَّلًا تُحَمِّصُ الْأُمُّ الْبُنَّ فِي مِقْلَاةٍ عَلَى نَارٍ هَادِئَةٍ. يَصِيرُ لَوْنُ الْبُنِّ بُنِّيًّا غَامِقًا. ثُمَّ تَضَعُهُ فِي صَحْنٍ مِنَ السَّعَفِ. وَهُنَاكَ يَبْرُدُ الْبُنُّ. وَبَعْدَ ذَلِكَ تَدُقُّهُ فِي وِعَاءٍ مِنَ الْخَشَبِ. يَغْلِي الْمَاءُ فِي إِنَاءٍ مِنَ الْفَخَّارِ. وَتَحْتَ الْإِنَاءِ فَحْمٌ. تَضَعُ الْأُمُّ فِي الْمَاءِ الْبُنَّ وَالزَّنْجَبِيلَ. وَتَضَعُ أَيْضًا الْقِرْفَةَ وَالْهَيْلَ. فِي فَمِ الْإِنَاءِ لِيفٌ مِنَ النَّخْلِ. وَهُوَ يُصَفِّي الْقَهْوَةَ. تَجْلِسُ الْعَائِلَةُ فِي دَائِرَةٍ صَغِيرَةٍ. وَفِي الْوَسَطِ مِبْخَرٌ صَغِيرٌ. يَشْرَبُونَ الْقَهْوَةَ فِي فَنَاجِينَ صَغِيرَةٍ. وَيَأْكُلُونَ مَعَهَا الْبَلَحَ وَالْفُشَارَ. وَيَشْرَبُونَهَا ثَلَاثَ مَرَّاتٍ. وَالْمَرَّةُ الْأُولَى أَقْوَى. يَأْتِي ضَيْفٌ إِلَى الْبَيْتِ. فَتُحَضِّرُ الْأُمُّ لَهُ جَبَنَةً جَدِيدَةً. هَذَا احْتِرَامٌ لِلضَّيْفِ. وَفِي الْأَعْرَاسِ تُحَضِّرُهَا النِّسَاءُ. وَيَشْرَبُهَا الْأَقَارِبُ وَالْجِيرَانُ مَعَ الْبَلَحِ.

This is coffee from Sudan. In Sudan its name is jabana. People drink it at home and in cafés. It has a special place in eastern Sudan. At home the mother prepares the jabana. Or the young daughter prepares it. They drink it in the afternoon or in the evening. Sometimes the neighbours come. First the mother roasts the coffee beans in a pan on a low fire. The colour of the beans becomes dark brown. Then she puts them on a plate of palm leaves. There the beans cool. After that she pounds them in a wooden bowl. The water boils in a clay pot. There is charcoal under the pot. The mother puts the ground coffee and ginger in the water. She also puts in cinnamon and cardamom. In the mouth of the pot there is palm fibre. It strains the coffee. The family sits in a small circle. In the middle there is a small incense burner. They drink the coffee from small cups. They eat dates and popcorn with it. They drink it three times. The first time is the strongest. A guest comes to the house. So the